2+2 does not equal 4

[Eddier1]

Originally posted by Joshue
Hey Stan medical science is going light speed, that is a good machine, I am courious about the crystals, are those similar to piezoelectric devices or a particle stopers or scintillations crystal?
Finally Antimatter principle can be used for good, instead of weapons.


No NO No Eddie I didn't mean relativity, i mean space and time, he was the first to bring the distinction between our perception and the actual object under perception. He argued that all we ever know is how reality appears to us—what he referred to as the phenomenon of our experience, "that which appears to be". The underlying reality he called the noumenon, meaning "that which is apprehended", the thing perceived.

Time and space, he mention are not quintesential qualities of the physical world; they are a reflection of the way the mind operates. They are part of the perceptual framework, the phenomenon within which our experience of the world is constructed.

He was a genious.

No doubt about him being a genius, Joshue. The way you worded 'spacetime' is what led me to opine that you were referring to space-time as Einstein saw it. But nevertheless you get high marks for perceiving what you did about space and time as patterns and/or categories that are merely frameworks, or as we say now, templates without content. To Kant, he accepted Newtonian physics where space and time are absolutes, but he did the Copernican revolution, as he liked to say, in that space and time are contentless until sense data, or phenomenon are experienced in the external world. But then he perceived that our minds use the 'templates' to organize the knowledge by acquaintance that we obtain from the sense data, and that therefore, we can never be apodictically certain that what we see of the external world is actually that way. In modern days, the physiologists have studied the brain and found that all we ever see is a patch of our brain, and not the external world as it is. Moreover, the new studies of the human genome, DNA codes, have been found to be switches within us that need the external world in order to be switched on. If the time and place that such should occur is not accurate than we are foreever distorted in our views of the external world. And that effects our sensibilities, too. The latest in these studies has concluded that our nurture is through nature, but that we can never be sure that the space and time turned on the DNA switches accurately. Hence, we are forever limited and to err will always be human. LOL!

[Suki]

Eddie,
This is very interesting. I was re-reading Kant's point on Transcendental Aesthetic. Very interesting. quote " the science of all the principles of sensibility a priori", and what do I find? Eddie touching on the subject. He argues that we can't have an intuition of time and space. Those are concepts, are they real existences or not? Interesting.

In cultural studies one clue to try to figure out the ethos or world view of a particular culture and how they perceive impossible categories of external perception such as time and space is to try to understand how space is measured in that culture or time too. For example the Hopis of the North American Southwest believe that time is circular and not linear and continuos and chronological. Therefore they believe life is cyclical and so is time. There is no past, present or future. Just cycles returning again and again and space is multidimensional and many levels of dimensions co-existing. Anyway....I will leave that for now. True, we only use one patch of our brains. But the rest exists. If we don't use it is it like backup or supplementary intelligence waiting for the right mutation or spark or stage of nurturing through nature to take the new level of perception into the next stage of empirical or external experience? We have the reptilian brain there, the aviary and we are still in the primate....we continue to adapt and yet perfection is not our destiny. Perfection was not our roadmap. Change and adaptability and constant responses to the external environment is. It is simple and complex all at once.

I want to get back to how Kant deals with that. But first I want to finish up ALL my questions thoroughly. If Eddie is patient. We will have a great time. I am too emotionally excited about this. I guess cuz anything of this depth of content gets me going.

Suki.

[Joshue]

Originally posted by Stanley
LSO:Ce ( Lutetium Oxyorthosilicate, Ce3+ doped ) crystals






The lutetium crystal scintillates when it interacts with the 511 Kev gamma ray. The PM Tube is optically coupled to the crystal and will pickup the light with a photo cathode. This initiates an electron cascade.




The key about positron tomography is the annihilation of the positron as it collides with an electron and the production of the two 511 Kev rays 180 degrees apart. That is the beauty of the whole thing.

BTW, you may want to look into medical physics when you leave the military and look for a job in the civilian world.

I worked with scintillating components on the fiber optics converters, But those are scintillating because of a electrical signal of communication equipment. The equipment you are talking about deals with antiparticles, that is powerful. antimatter reactions are more power full than even nuclear reactions, I am sure that the patient is not exposed to the reaction directly, or maybe is extremely low, like the x rays machine. Eitherway is really interesting that antimatter is beign used for practical purposes. BTW Stan In the field of phisycs my level of education, is not enough, I only have a bachelor not a masters or a PHD [that is my dream] I mean for the field of reasearch and development,. In Puerto Rico I found jobs only in factories, and pharmaceutical,[apestando a aspirina y solventes, that is why i hate the commonwealth, si no tienes palas te j0des. is not education is who you know, some places told me i was "y que overqualified"](sorry i got a little emotional seriously side trek.)

In the Mainland I think i have a better chance, but right now i am in the communication bussinees of the Air force, accepting and testing prototypes of communication equipment. yeap i am a comm guy. in the medical field i am really inept and ignorant. I know a kidney is a peace of meat, [just exagerating]
i still have to finish my obligations first. Thanks though. Very interesting!

I am going to finish with a side trek, for a little moment again. I stumble in an air force book of technical warfare in the CCAF and talk about some project in the 70's that proves one of my assumptions that America and the USSR were trying to develop the so call massive antimatter reactions. That is a fancy way of saying anti matter bomb. Only USA and the USSR were the only ones with the power and the scientific brains for it.
I don't know what they were thinking as if nuclear was not enough destruction, If hiroshima were a an antimatter device the city will not be there, it will be a lake, after the crater were filled by the hidrosphere.

A lot of good info Stan, I had no idea you were in the medical field. And the medical field beign so advance. That is good news for me, particle physics at the good momentum, not the destruction momentum.

[Stanley]

Josh:

I was in the Armed Forces at one time and we had soldiers working in what was known as health physics. These were folks with a physics degree, but with emphasis on radiation. There is a whole industry that deals with radiation and medicine and it is primarily run by guys who are well versed in physics. This is the type of career you could learn in the military and then use in the civilian world when you get out. I am sure there must be an MOS for it in the military and perhaps you can get additional schooling and training.

[Eddier1]

The documentation I post below is more for the info of the People, than it is to disprove the lies and con-artistry of the slandering 'BOCON' who attacked me viciously, when all I intended was in the interest of scientific knowledge. But what more can we expect, when the phony, fake, false christian cultist Maitreya Stanley is offended when I referred in politics forum to him as 'bub'. Not even the title of 'doctor' would satisfy him, because look how long he hid that data from us. No, like all Maitreyas, he wants to usurp the name and throne of Jesus, and be worshipped as god almighty.

Here is evidence that fluorine, in toothpast, and water supply, as well as INJECTED DIRECTLY INTO THE BLOODSTREAM is TOXIC! Say what they want that it isn't, yet only the LIVER will tell the consequences, and no doctor nor research scientist has yet solved the organic mystery of what the LIVER does and what are all its functions. It remains a riddle to be solved.

Now, Adelle Davis in her book "Let's Eat Right to Keep Fit" says on page201-202 the following. And I quote her because she was not only one of the top nutritionists, but also a naturapath, too.:

"Authorities by no means agree that fluorine benefits the teeth, and the danger of toxicity is ever-present. In 1962, our Public Health Department reported that the children in Newburgh, New York, where water was first fluoridated had slightly more decay after fluoridation than before. In Baltimore, Maryland, where water has been fluoridated since 1952, rampant decay has steadily increased. In Puerto Rico not only has tooth decay increased since fluoridation of the water supply, but 64 percent of adolescent boys have mottled, permanently stained teeth from fluoride excess, the ugly brown spots ruining every smile.

Fluorine has been shown to be harmful to many of the body's enzyme systems; and drinking fluoridated water has become a common cause of allergies. It increases the brittleness of teeth and bones. There is some indication that it may damage the chromosomes. Without fluoridation, ever-increasing amounts of fluorides reach us as pollutants in air and water. In 1963 'The American Journal of Diseases of Children', emphasized editorially that fluorine was always a potential poison; that to add it to a water supply was unnecessary, unwise, wasteful, and needlessly expensive, and that it should not be given to older children or adults. Dr. Philip Chen, professsor of chemistry, has pointed out that when water is fluoridated, some of the fluorine combines with magnesium to form magnesium fluoride, an insoluble salt which cannot be absorbed by the intestine, thus fluoridation can produce a deficiency of magnesium a nutrient supplied all too meagerly. Since potassium leaves the cells when magnesium is deficient, it would not be surprising to find that deaths from heart disease have increased in areas where the water is fluoridated. This fact was not once considered when fluoridation became a political issue."

[Stanley]

Sorry for double post (see below)

[Stanley]

Ed:

The key is dose. Not only do we use Fluorine, but we also use another element called Thallium.

Did you know that in large quantities Thallium is nothing more than rat poison. The point to take home is that the actual quantity that is injected to the patient is so minute that it causes no toxicity whatsoever. That is why we inject rat poison into our patients and no one gets sick. The same concept applies to Fluorine.

Fluorine is a trace element that is found in a great variety of foods, in VERY small amounts. This type of organic fluorine should not be confused with the ionic form fluoride, which is a poison and is considered separately.





THALLIUM


Chemical properties of thallium
Atomic number 81
Atomic mass 204.383 g.mol -1
Electronegativity according to Pauling 1.8
Density 11.71 g.cm-3 at 20°C
Melting point 1800 °C
Boiling point 4200 °C
Vanderwaals radius 0.182 nm
Ionic radius 0.099 nm
Isotopes 11
Electronic shell [ Xe ] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
Energy of first ionisation 589.1 kJ.mol -1
Energy of second ionisation 1970.5 kJ.mol -1
Energy of third ionisation 2877.4 kJ.mol -1
Discovered by Sir William Crookes in 1861

When freshly exposed to air, thallium exhibits a metallic lustre, but soon develops a bluish-grey tinge, resembling lead in appearance. A heavy oxide builds up on thallium if left in air, and in the presence of water the hydroxide is formed. The metal is very soft and malleable. It can be cut with a knife.
The element and its compounds are toxic and should be handled carefully.

Health effects of thallium
Thallium occurs in the environment naturally in small amounts. It is not applied very widely by humans, merely as rat poison and as a substance in electro-technical and chemical industries. These applications can cause human exposure to thallium substances.
The human body absorbs thallium very effectively, especially through the skin, the breathing organs and the digestive tract.
Thallium poisoning is mainly caused by accidental uptake of rat poison, which contains large amounts of thallium sulphate. Consequently, stomachaches will appear and the nervous system will be damaged. In some cases the damage is so irreversible that death will soon follow. When a human survives thallium poisoning often consequences of disturbances of the nervous system, such as trembling, paralyses and behavioural changes will remain. With unborn children thallium poisoning can cause congenital disorders.
Due to accumulation of thallium in the bodies of humans, chronic effects consist, such as tiredness, headaches, depressions, lack of appetite, leg pains, hair loss and disturbances of the sight.
Further effects that can be related to thallium poisoning are nerve pains and joint pains. These are consequences of thallium uptake through food.

Environmental effects of thallium
Thallium is partially water-soluble and consequentially it can spread with groundwater when soils contain large amounts of the component. Thallium can also spread by adsorption on sludge. There are indications that thallium is fairly mobile within soils.
Thallium is very toxic to rats and is applied as a rat pesticide because of this. Thallium also has negative effects upon plants, such as colour changes in leaves and growth declines. Mammals, such as rabbits, are just as susceptible to the toxic effects of thallium as humans.

http://www.lenntech.com/Periodic-cha...ents/Tl-en.htm






ARMED FORCES INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HEART DISEASE
AFIC-NIHD


THALLIUM STRESS TEST


What is a thallium stress test?


Thallium stress test is a type of nuclear scanning test or myocardial perfusion (blood flow) imaging test. This test shows how well blood flows to the heart muscle. It's usually done in conjunction with an exercise stress test on a treadmill or bicycle.


When the patient reaches his or her maximum level of exercise, a small amount of a radioactive substance called thallium is injected into the bloodstream. The patient then lies down on a special table under a camera ("gamma camera") that can see the thallium and make pictures. The thallium mixes with the blood in the bloodstream (including the blood in the coronary arteries) and enters the cells of the heart muscle. If a portion of the heart muscle is poorly perfused (doesn't receive a normal blood supply), there will be less than a normal amount of thallium in the heart muscle cells there.


The first pictures are made shortly after the exercise test and represent blood flow to the heart during exercise. The heart is "stressed" during the exercise test - thus the name "stress test." The patient then lies quietly for 2-3 hours and another series of pictures is made. These show blood flow to the heart muscle in the resting state.


What does the thallium stress test show?


· If the test is normal during both exercise and rest, then blood flow through the coronary arteries is normal.


· If the test shows that perfusion is normal during rest but abnormal during exercise (a perfusion defect), then the heart isn't receiving enough blood when it has to work harder than normal. This may be due to some blockage in one or more coronary arteries.


· If the test is abnormal during both exercise and rest, there's limited blood flow to that part of the heart at all times.


· If no thallium is seen in some part of the heart muscle, it means that this part of the heart has had a previous heart attack and the cells are dead. (They have become scar tissue.)


What if I can't perform an exercise test?


Occasionally someone can't do an exercise test because they're too sick or have physical problems. In this case, a drug such as dipyridamole is given to the patient instead of performing an exercise test. This drug increases blood flow to the heart and thus "mimics" an exercise test. Then the thallium test is performed.





Copyright 2001 - Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology. Use or copy of any material and/or design concept on this website without prior approval of Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology is strictly prohibited under local and international copyright laws.
http://www.afic.gov.pk/ped65.html




Fluorine. Important trace mineral often confused with the poison fluoride.

Fluorine is a trace element that is found in a great variety of foods, in VERY small amounts. This type of organic fluorine should not be confused with the ionic form fluoride, which is a poison and is considered separately.

The organic form of fluorine is closely involved with calcium and molybdenum in the formation of calcium fluorapatite, which contributes to healthy teeth and bones. this form of fluorine is present in tiny amounts in most foods, but is particularly abundant in seafoods, kelp and tea.

Unfortunately, this use of organic fluorine has led the the acceptance of the use of fluoride in water and toothpastes. fluoride is a poison that does not contribute to bone and tooth health and causes fluorosis (fluoride poisoning) in even very small doses (mc uh smaller than is present in many waters and toothpastes). See fluoride for details.

Functions of Fluorine in the body

* Part of calcium fluorapatite (teeth and bones)
* May help prevent heart disease
* May help prevent / treat osteoporosis (but NOT as fluoride)


Fluorine deficiency

Fluorine deficiency is highly unlikely and it is much more likely that fluorosis (fluoride poisoning) is a major problem. Organic fluorine is normally bound to proteins and is poorly absorbed by the body.

Fluoride, on the other hand, is completely and rapidly absorbed through the stomach, quickly reaching toxic levels.

Symptoms of Fluorine deficiency

Highly unlikely

Association with other minerals and vitamins

Forms calcium fluoropatite (tooth and bone structure) with calcium, aided by molybdenum

Normal amounts of Fluorine in the diet

There is no safe daily dose of fluoride. Organic fluorine, due to its presence in soil, water, plants and animals is required as a trace element, but supplementation is not necessary.

Sources of dietary Fluorine

Mussels and other shellfish
Kelp
Tea

http://www.natural-health-informatio...uorine.htmlout


[Edited by Stanley on 29th January 2004 at 21:18]